fault a break, or crack, in the rocks of the lithosphere along which movements take place; usually located along the boundaries between tectonic plates
fault zone
an area where there are many interconnected faults; usually located along the boundaries between tectonic plates
feldspar the name of a group of minerals that makes up almost 60% of Earth's crust
fibrous roots
roots that do not grow deep but branch out into a network of thin, hairy roots; can form thick mats
fission
the splitting of atoms into pieces
flagella
long, hairlike structures that whip and lash to help flagellates swim
flagellate
a protozoan that has flagella, or long, hairlike structures that whip and lash to help it swim
flood plain
the flat area of land on both sides of a river
focus
the point below the surface of the earth where an earthquake begins
food chain
an arrangement that shows how energy flows from one organism to another in an ecosystem
food vacuole
a structure inside certain cells where food is digested
food web
an arrangement that shows all the food chains in an ecosystem and how they overlap
forest floor
the bottom level of the rain forest, which receives little or no sunlight
fossil
the remains of an ancient plant or animal
fossil fuel
a fuel that comes from the remains of plants and animals and is formed beneath the surface of Earth over millions of years
frequency
the number of vibrations a wave makes in a given period of time, usually 1 second
friction
the force that acts when two surfaces rub against each other
fumarole
a hole in the ground through which gases and hot vapors pass; located in a volcanic region
fusion
the process of merging nuclei with smaller masses to make a nucleus with a larger mass